Create your own language

The Language Creator generates constructed languages from explicit typological choices, aiming to produce languages that resemble natural human ones in structure and behaviour.

A robot at a blackboard, generating a language from typological parameters. — The Language Creator at work.

The results include phonology, grammar, glossed examples, dictionaries and sample texts.

The questionnaire comes pre-filled with random values. You can therefore create a language immediately by simply clicking on the Create button there, or customise the settings first.

A sample from Yuki, the latest language generated by the Language Creator:

initial XML:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
    <verb>have</verb>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
    <noun>human being</noun>
    <adj>all</adj>
    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <noun>earth</noun>
        <adj>whole</adj>
      </np>
    </pp>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np def="neither" number="sing">
        <noun>language</noun>
        <num>one</num>
      </np>
      <np def="neither" number="sing">
        <noun>dialect</noun>
        <num>one</num>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

cleanup:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
-  <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
-    <verb>have</verb>
+  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
-  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
-    <noun>human being</noun>
-    <adj>all</adj>
+  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
-        <noun>earth</noun>
-        <adj>whole</adj>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+        <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
      </np>
    </pp>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
-      <np def="neither" number="sing">
-        <noun>language</noun>
-        <num>one</num>
+      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="neither" number="sing">
-        <noun>dialect</noun>
-        <num>one</num>
+      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
+        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module adj2verb:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <relp>
+      <vp tam="pres-state">
+        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
+      </vp>
+      <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
        <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+            <relp>
+              <vp tam="pres-state">
+                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+              </vp>
+              <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
-        <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
              </np>
+            </relp>
+          </np>
        </pp>
      </np>
+    </relp>
+  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module articles:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <relp>
      <vp tam="pres-state">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
      <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
        <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <relp>
              <vp tam="pres-state">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
              <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
              </np>
            </relp>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </pp>
      </np>
    </relp>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
-      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module nonpastonly:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
-  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <relp>
-      <vp tam="pres-state">
+      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
      <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
        <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <relp>
-              <vp tam="pres-state">
+              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
              <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
              </np>
            </relp>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </pp>
      </np>
    </relp>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module noepistemic:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
-  <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <relp>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
      <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
        <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <relp>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
              <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
              </np>
            </relp>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </pp>
      </np>
    </relp>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module RelN:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
-    <relp>
+    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
-      <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
+    </subs>
+    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
        <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-            <relp>
+          <subs>
            <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
              <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
            </vp>
-              <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
+          </subs>
+          <np role="subj" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
          </np>
-            </relp>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    </relp>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <np def="def" number="sing">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+          </np>
+        </np>
+        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
-  <np role="obj">
+  <np role="obj" number="plur">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj" number="plur">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

module conjp:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
  </np>
  <np role="obj" number="plur">
    <conjp conj="and">
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
+      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
        <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
      </np>
    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

flattenconjp:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
  </np>
  <np role="obj" number="plur">
-    <conjp conj="and">
-      <np number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-      <np number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    </np>
-    </conjp>
  </np>
</s>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
  </vp>
  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <subs>
      <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
        <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
+        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np role="subj" number="plur">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
      <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <subs>
              <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
                <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+                <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
            <np role="subj" number="sing">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
            </np>
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
  </np>
  <np role="obj" number="plur">
    <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</s>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
  </vp>
-  <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  <subs>
    <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
      <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    </vp>
  </subs>
-    <np role="subj" number="plur">
+  <np role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <subs>
            <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
              <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np role="subj" number="sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
          </np>
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    </pp>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-  </np>
-  <np role="obj" number="plur">
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</s>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
  </vp>
  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  <subs>
    <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
      <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    </vp>
  </subs>
  <np role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <subs>
          <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
            <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          </vp>
        </subs>
        <np role="subj" number="sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
        </np>
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
-      </np>
      <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    </pp>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
</s>

movedowntoword:

<s>
  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
  </vp>
  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
  <subs>
    <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
-      <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
+      <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    </vp>
  </subs>
  <np role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
        <subs>
          <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
-            <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+            <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          </vp>
        </subs>
        <np role="subj" number="sing">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
      </np>
-      <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+      <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
    </pp>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
</s>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<s>
-  <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
-  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-  </vp>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-  <subs>
-    <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    </vp>
-  </subs>
-  <np role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-        <subs>
-          <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-          </vp>
-        </subs>
-        <np role="subj" number="sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing"/>
-        </np>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
-      </np>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
-    </pp>
-  </np>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-  <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</s>

addvocab:

-<s>
+<s translation="">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">keː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x261; u d u" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2">ɡudu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="m i" slots="Cir V1">mi</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" ph="j o" slots="Cir V1">jo</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="&#x272; u&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">ɲuː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" ph="k e" slots="Cir V1">ke</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="h u&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">huː</word>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="k e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">keˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur" ph="j e&#x2D0;" slots="Cis V2">jeː</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p i" slots="Cir V1">pi</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">liˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="h i&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">hiːˈ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="d a n u &#x2C8; n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">danuˈne</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">liˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</s>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

<s translation="">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">keː</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x261; u d u" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2">ɡudu</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e&#x2D0;">keː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x261; u d u">ɡudu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">duːˈ</word>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="m i" slots="Cir V1">mi</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="m i">mi</word>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" ph="j o" slots="Cir V1">jo</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">duːˈ</word>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="&#x272; u&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">ɲuː</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" ph="j o">jo</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="&#x272; u&#x2D0;">ɲuː</word>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" ph="k e" slots="Cir V1">ke</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" ph="k e">ke</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="h u&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">huː</word>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="k e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">keˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur" ph="j e&#x2D0;" slots="Cis V2">jeː</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p i" slots="Cir V1">pi</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">liˈ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="h u&#x2D0;">huː</word>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="k e &#x2C8;">keˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur" ph="j e&#x2D0;">jeː</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p i">pi</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;">liˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="h i&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">hiːˈ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="d a n u &#x2C8; n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">danuˈne</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">liˈ</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="h i&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">hiːˈ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="d a n u &#x2C8; n e">danuˈne</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;">liˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</s>

removetags:

<s translation="">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e&#x2D0;">keː</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x261; u d u">ɡudu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">duːˈ</word>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="m i">mi</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" ph="j o">jo</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d u&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">duːˈ</word>
-    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="&#x272; u&#x2D0;">ɲuː</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cms V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" ph="k e">ke</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="h u&#x2D0;">huː</word>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="k e &#x2C8;">keˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur" ph="j e&#x2D0;">jeː</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p i">pi</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;">liˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="h i&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">hiːˈ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="d a n u &#x2C8; n e">danuˈne</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i &#x2C8;">liˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">keː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɡudu</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">mi</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" def="def" locus="number">jo</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">duːˈ</word>
+    <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">ɲuː</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing">ke</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing">huː</word>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">keˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="enclitic" gloss="plur">jeː</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">pi</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">liˈ</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">hiːˈ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">danuˈne</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">liˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;keː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡudu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈduː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;all&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;human being&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈduː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲuː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;whole&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ke&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;earth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;huː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈke&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jeː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;language&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈli&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhiː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;daˈnune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dialect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈli&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>keː ɡudu ˈduː mi jo ˈduː ɲuː ke huː ˈke jeː pi ˈli ˈhiː daˈnune ˈli</p>
+  <p>kee gudu duu mi jo duu ñuu ke huu ke jee pi li hii danune li</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>keː</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡudu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈduː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mi</o>
+      <g>all</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jo</o>
+      <g>human being</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈduː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲuː</o>
+      <g>whole</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ke</o>
+      <g>earth</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>huː</o>
+      <g>surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈke</o>
+      <g>in</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jeː</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pi</o>
+      <g>language</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈli</o>
+      <g>one</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhiː</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>daˈnune</o>
+      <g>dialect</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈli</o>
+      <g>one</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</s>

Kee gudu duu mi jo duu ñuu ke huu ke jee pi li hii danune li.

And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.

Useful pages: