Create your own language
The Language Creator generates constructed languages from explicit typological choices, aiming to produce languages that resemble natural human ones in structure and behaviour.
The results include phonology, grammar, glossed examples, dictionaries and sample texts.
The questionnaire comes pre-filled with random values. You can therefore create a language immediately by simply clicking on the Create button there, or customise the settings first.
A sample from Nab, the latest language generated by the Language Creator:
initial XML:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp tam="past-punct"> <verb>arise</verb> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> <verb>be</verb> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> <noun>langname</noun> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur"> <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> <noun>language</noun> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np def="indef" number="sing"> <noun>manner</noun> <adj>different</adj> </np> </pp> </s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>module articles:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module noepistemic:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module embed:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> - <relp> + <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - </relp> + </subs> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but"> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module nominalise:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> + <np type="owner_owned"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> + </np> + </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>tva1
tva2module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" tr="theme"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" number="plur"> + <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> - </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> </np> + </np> </subs> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" number="plur"> - <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> - </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> </np> - </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme"> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> - </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> - </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> </pp> </s>addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/optional<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> </pp> </s>flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="s ai ˈ x">saiˈx</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ˈ xʷ a ɾ y ɡ">ˈxʷaɾyɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ e ɽ">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="ˈ t u ɣ">ˈtuɣ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʋ a ˈ ɲ">ʋaˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="k a ˈ ɣ">kaˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ɡ u ˈ t͡ʃ">ɡuˈt͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ a ˈ ɲ">ʋaˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="n a ˈ b">naˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ ɖ">buˈɖ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="j ɔ ˈ n">jɔˈn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ œ ˈ xʷ">t͡ɕœˈxʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɣ o ˈ ɡ">ɣoˈɡ</word> </flat> </s>vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="s ai ˈ x">saiˈx</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ˈ xʷ a ɾ y ɡ">ˈxʷaɾyɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ e ɽ">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="ˈ t u ɣ">ˈtuɣ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʋ a ˈ ɲ">ʋaˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="k a ˈ ɣ">kaˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ɡ u ˈ t͡ʃ">ɡuˈt͡ʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ a ˈ ɲ">ʋaˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="n a ˈ b">naˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ ɖ">buˈɖ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="j ɔ ˈ n">jɔˈn</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ œ ˈ xʷ">t͡ɕœˈxʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɣ o ˈ ɡ">ɣoˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">saiˈx</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ˈxʷaɾyɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">ˈtuɣ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">kaˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɡuˈt͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">naˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">buˈɖ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number">jɔˈn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number">t͡ɕœˈxʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number">ɣoˈɡ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsaix</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">e-</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈxʷaɾyɡ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕeɽ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">e-</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtuɣ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkaɣ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnab</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuɖ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjɔn</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕœxʷ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɣoɡ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span></p> + <p>ˈsaix ˈkʷexʷaɾyɡ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷetuɣ ˈʋaɲ ˈkaɣut ˈɡut͡ʃ ˈʋaɲ ˈnabut ˈbuɖ ˈjɔn ˈt͡ɕœxʷut ˈɣoɡ</p> + <p>сайх квехварүґ ћер̇ кветуғ вањ кағут ґуч вањ набут буд̇ јон ћӧхвут ғоґ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈsaix</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷ-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>e-</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈxʷaɾyɡ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷ-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>e-</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtuɣ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋaɲ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkaɣ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡut͡ʃ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋaɲ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnab</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuɖ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjɔn</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕœxʷ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɣoɡ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + </il> </s>Сайх квехварүґ ћер̇ кветуғ вањ кағут ґуч вањ набут буд̇ јон ћӧхвут ғоґ.
But our language arose in a different way.
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