Create your own language
The Language Creator generates constructed languages from explicit typological choices, aiming to produce languages that resemble natural human ones in structure and behaviour.
The results include phonology, grammar, glossed examples, dictionaries and sample texts.
The questionnaire comes pre-filled with random values. You can therefore create a language immediately by simply clicking on the Create button there, or customise the settings first.
A sample from Susu, the latest language generated by the Language Creator:
initial XML:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> <verb>have</verb> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> <noun>human being</noun> <adj>all</adj> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing"> <noun>earth</noun> <adj>whole</adj> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="neither" number="sing"> <noun>language</noun> <num>one</num> </np> <np def="neither" number="sing"> <noun>dialect</noun> <num>one</num> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module articles:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" number="plur"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module simplifynumber:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur"> + <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> + <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> + <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module wordorder:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>flattenconjp:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> - <conjp conj="and"> - <np locus="number"> + <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number"> + <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> - </conjp> </np> </s>fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj"> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> - </np> </s>unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOMaddaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for all/adj/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> </s>flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t u ʃ">tuʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="o x">ox</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="t a t">tat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="l u t͡ʃ">lut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" ph="l o">lo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" ph="k e h a">keha</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="s o k">sok</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t a">ta</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="s o l">sol</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="s o k">sok</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t i l u k i">tiluki</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> </flat> </s>vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t u ʃ">tuʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="o x">ox</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="t a t">tat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="l u t͡ʃ">lut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" ph="l o">lo</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" ph="k e h a">keha</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="s o k">sok</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t a">ta</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="s o l">sol</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="s o k">sok</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t i l u k i">tiluki</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="ʃ e t">ʃet</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">tuʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ox</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">tat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ju</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ʃet</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">lut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number">lo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number">keha</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ʃet</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">sok</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj">ta</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ʃet</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">sol</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">sok</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj">tiluki</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ʃet</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tuʃ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ox</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tat</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʃet</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lo</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">keha</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʃet</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sok</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ta</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʃet</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sol</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sok</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tiluki</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʃet</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>tuʃox tat juʃet lut͡ʃ lo kehaʃet sok taʃet sol sok tilukiʃet</p> + <p>тушох тат јушет луч ло кегашет сок ташет сол сок тилукишет</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>tuʃ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ox</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tat</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʃet</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lut͡ʃ</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lo</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>keha</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʃet</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sok</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ta</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʃet</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sol</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sok</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tiluki</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʃet</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>Тушох тат јушет луч ло кегашет сок ташет сол сок тилукишет.
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
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